How Does the Competitiveness Index Promote Foreign Direct Investment at the Provincial Level in Vietnam? An Integrated Grey Delphi–DEA Model Approach

Foreign direct investment (FDI) is an important factor in building a strong economy for country, particularly developing and emerging markets. Both domestic enterprises policy makers have been motivated to attract FDI the benefits of FDI, such as technological transfers, spillover benefits, rising competition. There need functional model assess how competitive index affects attractiveness. Therefore, this study, authors use integrated Grey Delphi, Data Envelopment Analysis Super Slack-Based Measure Model (DEA–Super SBM), Malmquist (DEA–Malmquist) evaluate attractiveness Vietnamese provinces from 2017 2021. Firstly, ten critical dimensions provincial (PCI) affecting number by cases amount capital were validated via Delphi method. Secondly, Super-SBM applied efficiency 63 Vietnam Then, DEA–Malmquist employed analyze total change productivity provinces’ performance Vietnam. The findings study revealed that Vietnam’s relatively low, there significant variation among provinces. This can provide valuable insights other stakeholders effective strategies foster economic development.